10th class
Brian Johnson’s English 81, 10th class
PASSED OUT HW FOR THE NEXT WEEK: Note: This is the information from the top of the homework sheet: “To get ahead, do the following grammar exercises on fragments recognizing that they deal with an incomplete sentence. Then do exercises dealing with run-ons and comma splices, recognizing that these deal with complete sentences that have either no punctuation or incorrect punctuation about where to pause or stop.”
This is what you should do (note: this does not have to be done in one day. You have several days to complete this. Probably have this done by Wednesday of next week): Chapter 26
1. Part A: Avoiding Run-Ons and Comma Splices, Practice 2 and 3
2. Part B: Do the odds in Practice 4 and 5
3. Do Practice 6
4. Do either Practice Review 8 or 9
Suggestion: get started on this over the weekend
NOTE: When you have an incomplete sentence, ask yourself: How do I change it. Continue to change and revise. There is a skill in reading. There is a skill in writing. After you read and then write, always ask yourself: “What should I do to change my writing?” REMEMBER: put your clear, concise idea in the very first sentence of your draft. This is the topic sentence.
REVIEW
i.c = independent clause which is a complete sentence
d.c. = dependent clause which is not a complete sentence
Remember: if a clause can stand on its own, it is a complete sentence.
An example:
“She works downtown. She runs at lunch.” – two separate sentences= i.c.
“She works downtown, and she runs at lunch”—two separate sentences separated by a
comma and a fanboy = ic, fic
Note: This sentence needs a band-aid = a semicolon or fanboy. A comma does not have the power to connect two ics without a fanboy.
What is a “run-on sentence”? It is a sentence without punctuation between two ics.
You need to separate these two ics. This is done with a comma and a fanboy. Ic,f
Note: A comma/splice (c/s) between two ics is a mistake.
Example: “He went to the store to get ice cream, then he ate it at home.”
Two ics separated by a period is good but is considered primary.
Two ics separated by a comma and a fanboy (ic,fic) is better.
Two ics separated by a semicolon (;) is better.
Add variety or sentence patterns to your writing.
Further ways to add variety:
You could add a dc (dependent clause – a clause that cannot stand on its own) and an ic. An example: “After she works in the morning, Sharon runs at lunch.”
“After she works in the morning”: is the dc.
“Sharon runs at lunch”: is the ic.
These two clauses are placed in one sentence. The dc is separated from the ic by a
comma.
Note: On p. 357 in your text, you will find a list of subordinating conjunctions. These are dependent clause (dc) words called “conjunctions”. Any time you start a sentence with these words, you need to follow with a complete ic. Otherwise you will have an incomplete sentence or a fragment – a clause all by itself –which is not complete. Note the above clause in bold print: “After she works in the morning” This is a FRAG = fragment. It needs an ic.
Remember: A comma/splice (c/s) is not a good thing because you are connecting two dcs without any ics.
Example, “Although she works in the morning, in the afternoon.” This is not an ic.
REVIEW OF LAST NIGHT’S HOMEWORK (Thursday)
Homework from last night (Thursday)
REZ –p. 561 – abbreviation for “reservation”
First thing to look at is the “Title”
Sidenote with Advice:
(A question: do you have a title on your paper?)
(Once you know the language, you have power. Then another person does not have power over you. All you do in education is about empowering you. If you don’t like the teacher or grade, deal with it, and move on so that you do not give the power to the teacher. Move on and empower yourself through education.)
TITLE is a microcosm of the entire paper. It is very small.
Micro=small
Cosm=cosmic – large, big picture
Title: represents everything that is going on in that paper or book.
It is a series of words or a phrase.
When writing your title, don’t underline, don’t use italics, don’t’ bold it, don’t capitalize entire title.
Capitalize only the important words, not the small words.
Example: The Title of My Paper – note in this example, that “of” is not capitalized.
Discussion of: “On the Rez”. If you didn’t read the story, tell Brad, and he will pass on to another student who read it.
Explanation of Reservation for International Students: This is land that has been reserved for Native Americans. They live on this land. They have their own government, police, schools.
Pow-Pow is a Native American celebration occurring tomorrow, Saturday. – probably outside. Native Americans have their own culture going on within the reservation. This story was about change, pride, racism, differences, discrimination, ignorance, close-mindedness, assumptions or stereotypes. False pride can occur – this can get us into trouble. Change can be positive. Survival, triumph of overcoming the negative, friendship, unity, understanding, tolerance, transformation – all of these ideas were presented in this story. When SuAnne dances in the circle, the audience becomes silent. Her stature or presence grew. This was a courageous act – the audience was chanting, taunting, making noise, giving cruel putdowns. Why? Ignorance, fear of the unknown because of something we do not understand. When people are fearful, uninformed, they want to protect what they know and act without thinking. Note – we all started at the same place of the globe. We have so much in common rather than differences. Students are positive, change agents.
NOTE: Next unit is activism. The class will be writing on this theme.
HW:
1. Chapter 21 on “Sentence Variety”. Do part A and C: practice 1.
2. Do 2,3,4,5, and 6: odds only.
3. Transfer what you’ve learned from the homework into your draft, making editing changes this weekend.
4. Have 3-4 varied sentence beginnings (underline these beginning words).
5. Have 3-4 logically placed transitions (circle these words).
6. Varied sentence beginnings (#4) and logically placed transitions (#5) should all be within on one paragraph not two or three paragraphs.
7. Read about revising for unity and support in Chapter 3, pp. 35-44.
8. Start the HW listed at the top of these notes
REMEMBER: Have fun, sleep well, eat healthily, do your work!!!
